Final answer:
The direct pupillary reflex occurs when light is shined into one eye, causing the pupil of that eye to constrict. The consensual pupillary reflex occurs when light is shined into one eye, causing the pupil of the other eye to constrict as well.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pupillary reflex involves two main reflexes: the direct pupillary reflex and the consensual pupillary reflex. In the direct pupillary reflex, when light is shined into one eye, the pupil of that eye will constrict. This reflex is mediated by the afferent branch, which involves sensory input through the optic nerve, and the efferent branch, which involves the motor response through the oculomotor nerve to the circular fibers of the iris.
In the consensual pupillary reflex, when light is shined into one eye, the pupil of the other eye will also constrict. This reflex is mediated by the afferent branch, which involves sensory input through the optic nerve, and the efferent branch, which involves the motor response through the oculomotor nerve to the circular fibers of the iris in the opposite eye.