Final answer:
The efficiency of a simple machine is always less than 100% due to friction converting some input work to heat. In gear systems, applying more force to Gear A increases the torque and consequently increases the angular velocity of Gear B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question provided reflects a concept in Engineering, specifically within the topic of gear mechanics. In the context of spur gears and mechanical efficiency, the statement provided to the student is indeed true. The efficiency of a simple machine, including gears, is always less than 100 percent. This is due to the fact that some fraction of the input work is inevitably converted to heat energy because of friction. When it comes to gears, as the force is applied through Gear A, which turns clockwise, it meshes with Gear B, turning counterclockwise. If more force is applied to Gear A, the torque on Gear A increases. This increased torque is transmitted to Gear B, resulting in an increase in the angular velocity of Gear B, assuming the system is not constrained by other factors such as load or gear ratio changes.