Final answer:
C) James Madison is the president who co-wrote the Federalist Papers, working alongside Alexander Hamilton and John Jay to support the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The president who co-wrote the Federalist Papers was C) James Madison. Along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, James Madison authored this collection of 85 articles and essays to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution. Referencing Figure 1.6.1, we know that these three men were responsible for the Federalist Papers, with James Madison playing a particularly vital role.
James Madison, known as the 'Father of the Constitution', also participated in the Constitutional Convention and was an ardent supporter of the federal government structure, eventually becoming the 4th President of the United States after serving as Thomas Jefferson's vice president.