Question

What are the 8 protein categories and their function? Provide protein examples.

a) Enzymes, Structural, Storage, Transport, Hormonal, Receptor, Contractile, Defensive; Examples: Amylase, Collagen, Hemoglobin, Albumin, Insulin, Epidermal growth factor, Actin, Antibodies
b) Simple, Compound, Complex, Globular, Fibrous, Linear, Circular, Branched; Examples: Myoglobin, Elastin, Keratin, Insulin, Glucagon, Collagen, Actin, Antibodies
c) Alpha-helix, Beta-sheet, Random coil, Amphipathic helix, Beta turn, Omega loop, Polyproline helix, Beta hairpin; Examples: Collagen, Hemoglobin, Insulin, Myoglobin, Actin, Tubulin, Lysozyme, Fibroin
d) Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary, Simple, Complex, Compound, Linear; Examples: Collagen, Hemoglobin, Insulin, Myoglobin, Actin, Tubulin, Lysozyme, Fibroin

Answer 1

Proteins are categorized based on their functions, including enzymes, structural, transport, storage, hormonal, receptor, contractile, and defensive proteins. Examples include amylase, collagen, hemoglobin, ferritin, insulin, and antibodies.

Step-by-step explanation:

Proteins serve various functions crucial to organisms and fall into different categories based on their roles:

• Enzymes: These proteins act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions, with examples including amylase and trypsin.
• Structural: These proteins form the infrastructure of cells and tissues, such as collagen in connective tissues and keratin in skin and hair.
• Transport: Transport proteins like hemoglobin carry oxygen in the blood and albumin helps in the transport of various substances.
• Storage: Storage proteins such as ferritin and ovalbumin store nutrients or essential chemicals.
• Hormonal: Hormone proteins like insulin and growth hormones regulate various physiological processes.
• Receptor: Receptor proteins on cell surfaces receive and transmit signals to the cell.
• Contractile: These proteins, including actin and myosin, are responsible for muscle contraction and movement.
• Defensive: Proteins like antibodies play a critical role in the immune response by identifying and neutralizing pathogens.

Each type of protein has a unique role in maintaining the health and function of organisms.