Final answer:
According to Peter Drucker, the primary purpose of a business organization is customer satisfaction (D), which diverges from the profit maximization focus attributed to Milton Friedman's view.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Peter Drucker, the primary purpose of a business organization is D) Customer satisfaction. Drucker believed that a business's main goal is to create a customer and that profit is not the primary goal but rather an essential consequence of satisfying customers' needs. Despite the belief by others such as Milton Friedman that the moral responsibility of a business is to increase a business's profits and thus the profits of shareholders, Drucker positioned the customer at the core of the business's purpose. This is distinct from the shareholder theory which emphasizes the duty of the firm's managers to act in the best interests of the shareholders, revolving around profit maximization. Meanwhile, stakeholder theory takes a broader view, advocating for considering the interests of all parties impacted by the company's actions.