Final answer:
The statement about middle-latitude cyclones dying out once the warm air is lifted is false. These systems can continue due to various factors even after the warm air has risen. The Coriolis force significantly affects the rotation of tropical cyclones, leading to counterclockwise rotation in the northern hemisphere and clockwise rotation in the southern hemisphere.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement “Middle-latitude cyclones quickly die out once all the warm air has been lifted aloft” is false. Middle-latitude cyclones, or extratropical cyclones, are driven by contrasts in temperature between air masses. When the warm air has been lifted, it usually means that the cyclone has matured, but it does not necessarily mean that the system will die out immediately. The cyclone can continue to be active as long as there are differences in air pressure and adequate upper-level support. The process of cyclone decay is more complex and is influenced by various factors including the availability of moisture, the structure of the upper atmosphere, and interactions with the jet stream.
The Coriolis force is significant in the development and behavior of tropical cyclones and hurricanes. It causes hurricanes in the northern hemisphere to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, while in the southern hemisphere, tropical cyclones rotate in the clockwise direction. This rotation is due to the deflection of winds toward low-pressure centers, which is also affected by the Earth's rotation.