Final answer:
Relay logic systems have the advantage of being immune to electromagnetic interference, making them more reliable in industrial environments with high levels of EMI, despite the fact that in most other aspects solid-state logic systems are superior.
Step-by-step explanation:
The advantage that relay logic systems have over solid-state logic systems is D. They are immune to electromagnetic interference. Unlike solid-state systems that utilize semiconductor devices (transistors) which can be sensitive to electromagnetic interference (EMI), relay logic systems are largely mechanical and therefore less susceptible to EMI. This resistance to EMI can make relay logic systems more reliable in certain harsh industrial environments where high levels of electromagnetic noise are present.
It is important to note that although relay logic systems are immune to electromagnetic interference, this does not necessarily mean they are more energy-efficient, less complex, or have faster processing speeds. Modern solid-state logic systems usually surpass relay logic systems in these aspects due to advancements like integrated circuits with transistors that allow for faster computation, lower power consumption, and higher complexity in a smaller size.
Historically, relay logic was used before the development of solid-state electronics, and it consists of electrical relays and switches that physically open and close to perform logical operations. The robustness of these systems is seen in their continued use in certain applications, despite the many benefits of solid-state electronics mentioned in LibreTexts describing the low power consumption, faster computation, and smaller size of integrated circuits, as well as Digital Signal Processing (DSP) techniques that help to reduce issues like mutual inductance.