Final answer:
It is true that criminal justice professionals need to study ethics, based on the importance of making just and equitable decisions within the field. Ethical considerations are also integral in various historical and sociopolitical contexts, as evidenced by the affirmative stance on the roles of John Locke's theories in the Declaration of Independence and the influence of urbanization and immigration on the temperance movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Pollock, it is especially important for criminal justice professionals to study ethics. This assertion is true because an understanding of ethics is crucial for those within the criminal justice system to make informed and moral decisions. Ethics in this field address a range of complex situations that professionals may encounter, such as issues of rights, responsibilities, fairness, and justice. The study of ethics helps to ensure that criminal justice professionals act in a manner that is just and equitable, both of which are fundamental to the integrity of the criminal justice system.
Additionally, examining ethical frameworks is integral in other domains like the temperance movement, which was indeed influenced by new social conditions like urbanization and immigration, making Exercise 13.3.3's statement true. Also, Benjamin Franklin did establish the first abolitionist society in America, confirming Exercise 8.3.3's statement as true. Moreover, informed by Enlightenment thinkers, particularly John Locke, the Declaration of Independence's rationalization did indeed stem from Locke's theories, so both Exercise 8.1.1 and Test Yourself 1 would be answered as true. In contrast, regarding voting behavior, the United States does not have a higher voter turnout compared to countries like Sweden and South Korea, making Exercise 9.1.3's statement false.
Discussing the approach to applied ethics, it's important to recognize it as an interdisciplinary field that draws upon philosophical, legal, and political insights to address ethical dilemmas stemming from a variety of subfields like bioethics, environmental ethics, and business ethics. As complicated issues often need a multidisciplinary view, the role of law, policy, and interdisciplinary study becomes pivotal in resolving these dilemmas.