Sedimentary rocks are formed through the accumulation and lithification (hardening) of sediments over time. The processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks are primarily physical, rather than chemical. Therefore, the formation of sedimentary rock is associated with physical changes.
The typical processes involved in the formation of sedimentary rocks include:
Weathering: The breakdown of rocks into smaller particles due to physical, chemical, or biological processes.
Erosion: The transportation of these weathered particles, usually by water, wind, or ice.
Deposition: The settling and accumulation of these particles in a new location.
Lithification: The compaction and cementation of these accumulated sediments, leading to the formation of solid rock.
While there may be some chemical changes occurring during lithification, the overall process of sedimentary rock formation is predominantly driven by physical processes such as weathering, erosion, and deposition.