Final answer:
To determine the mass of silver that reacts with 16 grams of sulfur to form 124 grams of silver sulfide, we need to use the balanced chemical equation: Zn + S → ZnS. By converting the mass of sulfur to moles and using the mole ratio from the equation, we can calculate that the mass of silver is approximately 53.91 grams.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the mass of silver that reacts with 16 grams of sulfur, we need to use the balanced chemical equation: Zn + S → ZnS. From the equation, we can see that 1 mole of sulfur reacts with 1 mole of zinc to form 1 mole of zinc sulfide. First, we need to convert the mass of sulfur to moles using its molar mass (32.07 g/mol):
Moles of sulfur = 16 g / 32.07 g/mol = 0.4987 mol
Since silver is the limiting reactant, we can use the mole ratio from the balanced equation to determine the mole of silver:
1 mole of sulfur : 1 mole of silver sulfide
0.4987 mol of sulfur : X mole of silver sulfide
Now, we need to convert the mole of silver sulfide to its mass using its molar mass (247.79 g/mol):
Mass of silver sulfide = X mole of silver sulfide × 247.79 g/mol = 124 g
Since we know that the mass of silver sulfide is 124 g, we can set up an equation to solve for the mole of silver:
124 g = X mole of silver sulfide × 247.79 g/mol
Solving for X, we get:
X = 0.4998 mol
Finally, we can convert the mole of silver to its mass using its molar mass (107.87 g/mol):
Mass of silver = 0.4998 mol × 107.87 g/mol = 53.91 g
Therefore, the mass of silver that reacts with 16 grams of sulfur to form 124 grams of silver sulfide is approximately 53.91 grams.