Final answer:
The normal force on a 0.70 kg bullfrog on a log tilted 31 degrees above horizontal is approximately 5.89 N, calculated using the weight of the bullfrog and the cosine of the tilt angle.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the normal force acting on the bullfrog sitting on a tilted log, we must recognize that the normal force is equal to the component of the weight of the bullfrog that acts perpendicular to the surface of the log. The weight (W) of the bullfrog is the product of its mass (m) and the acceleration due to gravity (g), so W = mg. In this case, the mass of the bullfrog (m) is 0.70 kg and g is 9.80 m/s².
To find the perpendicular component of the weight, we use the cosine of the tilt angle θ, which is 31 degrees. So the normal force (N) can be calculated as N = mg × cos(θ). Plugging in the values, we get N = (0.70 kg)(9.80 m/s²) × cos(31°).
Now, using a calculator, the cosine of 31 degrees is approximately 0.857. Therefore, the normal force is N = (0.70 × 9.80) × 0.857, which is approximately 5.89 N. This is the force that the log exerts on the bullfrog perpendicularly.