Final answer:
The residual cannot be calculated without the regression equation for the relationship between foot length and height.
Step-by-step explanation:
The residual can be calculated using the formula:
Residual = observed value - predicted value.
In this case, the observed value is 165 cm and the predicted value is based on the regression equation for the relationship between foot length and height. Since the question does not provide the regression equation, we cannot calculate the predicted value. Therefore, we cannot calculate the residual.
Interpretation of the residual is to assess the difference between the observed value and the predicted value. A positive residual indicates that the actual value is higher than the predicted value, while a negative residual indicates that the actual value is lower than the predicted value.