Final answer:
To calculate the volume of dry CO₂ at body temperature and 0.990 atm, balance the chemical equation for glucose combustion, convert glucose mass to moles, use stoichiometry to find CO₂ moles, and apply the ideal gas law using the temperature in Kelvin and the ideal gas constant.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the volume of dry CO₂ produced at body temperature (37°C) and 0.990 atm when 23.5 g of glucose is consumed, we must first balance the chemical equation for the combustion of glucose, which is C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O. Next, we convert the mass of glucose to moles using its molar mass, 180.16 g/mol. Then, we use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to find the moles of CO₂ produced.
After finding the number of moles of CO₂, we can use the ideal gas law PV = nRT to calculate the volume. We should convert the body temperature to Kelvin by adding 273.15 to the Celsius temperature, and we use the ideal gas constant R = 0.0821 L·atm/K·mol.