Final answer:
The question requires knowledge of Chemistry, focusing on the calculation of solute mass in a solution, application of Henry's law to determine gas solubility, and understanding of molecular and molar mass.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of the question involves applying concepts such as molar mass, density, and Henry's law. These concepts are fundamental in Chemistry, specifically in the topics of solutions and gas solubility. To find the mass of solute in 100 mL of a solution, we typically assume that the density of the solution is equivalent to the density of water, mainly if the solute has a low solubility. This simplification facilitates calculations.
Henry's law is used to determine the solubility of a gaseous solute under different pressures. According to this law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas above the liquid. This principle is particularly useful when one has to calculate the amount of a gas that dissolves in a liquid at different pressures.
Throughout the question, one can encounter terms like molecular mass, molar mass, and calculations such as the number of molecules in a given mass of a compound. These are crucial concepts used to understand the composition and properties of chemical substances. The difference in scale between atomic mass and molar mass is essential for grasping the concept of the mole in Chemistry.