Final answer:
New neurons develop in two areas of the human brain: the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles, which are associated with learning, memory, and the brain's ability to adapt (neuroplasticity).
Step-by-step explanation:
The two areas in the human brain where new neurons have been found to develop are the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Neurogenesis in the hippocampus is involved in functions related to learning and memory, with about 1,000 new neurons developing there each day. Not all of these neurons survive, but their presence has been associated with improved learning tasks in animal studies. Exercise and certain antidepressants can promote neurogenesis in this region, while stress tends to inhibit it. This ongoing neurogenesis is part of the brain's neuroplasticity, allowing for adaptations in response to experiences, develop mental processes, and injuries. The discovery of neurogenesis in these brain areas has important implications for potential treatments for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, and epilepsy.