Final answer:
Arab traders facilitated cultural exchange, economic growth, and the introduction of new spices, with the spread of diseases being an inadvertent negative consequence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The long-term effects of Arab traders are numerous and have lasted through the centuries. Their impact included cultural exchange, which was a significant outcome as they not only traded goods but also ideas, practices, and technologies across different civilizations. This led to economic growth in various regions due to the introduction of new commodities and industries. Arab traders were also responsible for the introduction of new spices to different parts of the world, vastly influencing global cuisine. However, one of the negative long-term effects was the spread of diseases, as seen with the Black Death, carried along trade routes as people and goods moved from place to place.