Final answer:
The kidneys filtering and removing waste from the bloodstream is related to physiology, which is the study of the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by filtering blood and eliminating waste products from the body's bloodstream. When considering whether this process is a matter of anatomy or physiology, the correct answer is physiology. Physiology is the branch of biology that deals with the functions and activities of living organisms and their parts. In the context of the kidneys, physiology encompasses the dynamic processes involved in blood filtration, waste removal, and the regulation of electrolytes and fluid balance.
Understanding how the kidneys function, including the intricate processes of filtration and reabsorption, falls under the domain of physiological study. Anatomy, on the other hand, focuses on the structure and organization of body parts, making the physiological aspect of kidney function, such as blood filtration and waste removal, the pertinent consideration in this context.