Final answer:
The abbreviation 'Gln' represents the amino acid Glutamine. Amino acids have single-letter or three-letter abbreviations used in denoting sequences in protein structure, such as Ala-Gly for a dipeptide of alanine and glycine. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amino acid abbreviation 'Gln' stands for Glutamine. Amino acids are represented by a single uppercase letter or a three-letter abbreviation, such as V for valine or val for its three-letter symbol. In human nutrition, essential amino acids like isoleucine, leucine, and cysteine are necessary for building proteins, as the body does not produce them. The primary structure of a protein is depicted as a sequence of amino acids, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, using these abbreviations. For example, a dipeptide composed of alanine and glycine can be written as Ala-Gly, using the three-letter codes with a hyphen in between.
The table of the 20 naturally occurring amino acids includes abbreviations for sequences of linked amino acids. Interestingly, glutamate, glutamine, and proline share an anabolic pathway beginning with glutamate dehydrogenase. The name 'Glutamic acid' was derived because it was initially isolated from gluten, highlighting the historical context of how some amino acids were named and discovered.