We can see here that the title "White Man's Burden" by Rudyard Kipling suggests discussions around: c) Political ideologies.
The phrase "White Man's Burden" historically refers to the idea of the moral responsibility of the Western colonial powers, particularly the Europeans, to bring their civilization and culture to non-European societies. This concept often implies a sense of duty or obligation for the so-called "civilizing mission" of these Western powers towards non-Western civilizations during the era of imperialism and colonialism.
Rudyard Kipling's work, titled "White Man's Burden," is a poem that specifically addresses the theme of imperialism and the moral duty of the colonial powers. The title itself implies a critical examination of political ideologies related to colonialism, imperialism, cultural superiority, and the perceived obligations of the ruling powers towards the societies they colonized.