Final answer:
A counterargument that challenges the main claim is known as an opposing claim in an informational text. It is addressed by responding to counterclaims with reasoning and evidence, which strengthens the writer's argument and shows a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
Step-by-step explanation:
An opposing claim in an informational text is a counterargument that challenges the main claim. This counterargument, or counterclaim, is essential for developing a robust argument as it shows the writer's awareness and understanding of alternative viewpoints. Addressing counterclaims involves acknowledging these different perspectives and providing a thoughtful response to counterclaims through reasoning and evidence. It is crucial to identify and address these counterclaims to present a convincing and comprehensive argument.
The process of dealing with counterclaims includes clearly stating them, demonstrating empathy for these opposing views, and then refuting them with support that is developed through reliable reasoning and evidence, such as facts, statistics, examples, or expert opinions. This approach not only strengthens the writer's position but also enhances the credibility of their argument by showing that they have thoroughly researched the topic and considered various aspects of the issue at hand.