Final answer:
The correct answer is B. Metaphor, which refers to a comparison lacking formal similarity. In biology, an analogy relates to analogous structures in different species due to convergent evolution, such as the wings of bats and birds, which have similar functions but different evolutionary origins.
Step-by-step explanation:
A metaphor is where the response has point-to-point correspondence but lacks formal similarity. This means that something is being compared to another thing without there being a literal resemblance. For example, saying 'time is a thief' suggests time steals moments from us, but there is no physical entity or literal theft taking place. In contrast, an analogy often suggests a similarity in function or relation, despite differences in the subjects being compared.
When pertaining to biology, analogy usually refers to the phenomenon where different species develop similar traits or structures (called analogous structures) due to living in similar environments or facing similar environmental pressures, rather than due to shared ancestry. This is also known as convergent evolution. For instance, the wings of a bat and the wings of a bird serve the same function (flight), but they evolved independently in these distinct animal groups.