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The rate constant for the decomposition of reactant A is 0.0092 s^-1. How long will it take for 80% of the reactant to decompose? Please answer in seconds and round your answer to one decimal place.

a) 184.8 s
b) 199.6 s
c) 213.0 s
d) 227.2 s

User Brettins
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1 Answer

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Final answer:

To find the time required for 80% decomposition of reactant A in a first-order reaction with a given rate constant, we can apply the first-order rate law. The time calculated using the rate constant of 0.0092 s^-1 and the natural logarithm of 0.20 is approximately 184.8 seconds.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to calculating the time required for 80% decomposition of reactant A in a first-order reaction with a given rate constant. The rate constant for the decomposition of reactant A is provided as 0.0092 s-1. If 80% of the reactant decomposes, this means that the remaining concentration of the reactant will be 20% of the initial concentration. Applying the integrated first-order rate law:

ln([A]/[A]0) = -kt

Where:
[A] = final concentration of A
[A]0 = initial concentration of A
k = rate constant
t = time

Since we are only interested in the fraction of reactant decomposed, we can write:

ln(0.20) = -0.0092 s-1 × t

Solving for t, we get:

t = ln(0.20) / -0.0092 s-1 ≈ 184.8 s

Therefore, to two decimal places, the time required for 80% decomposition of reactant A is 184.8 seconds, which corresponds to option a).

User Xiaochen
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