Final answer:
The abnormality found with the sigmoidoscopy is polyps. These are abnormal growths within the colon that may lead to colorectal cancer if not addressed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abnormality found with the sigmoidoscopy is polyps. Sigmoidoscopy is a diagnostic procedure used to examine the sigmoid colon, which is the final section of the bowel before the rectum. The procedure is used to look for any abnormalities such as polyps, which can potentially develop into colorectal cancer if left untreated. The figure mentioned, 7.2.4, illustrates the presence of adenomatous polyps within the large intestine containing an invasive colorectal carcinoma, indicating that polyps were the abnormality found during this particular sigmoidoscopy. Polyps are abnormal growths that arise from the mucosa of the colon or rectum and vary in size and shape. They are common findings during sigmoidoscopy and merit further investigation to determine their nature and necessary treatment.
It is important not to confuse polyps with other substances like chyme, which is a mixture of food and digestive juices, or bile, which is a digestive fluid produced in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. Chyme in particular, is associated with the stomach and the small intestine, not normally found during sigmoidoscopy of the colon. Dark blood in stools may be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding but would not be referred to as an abnormal growth such as polyps. Moreover, gastric juices are secretions from the stomach and also not related to findings in a sigmoidoscopy procedure.