Question

Decide if each reaction shown will proceed through an SN1 or SN₂ mechanism and why.

a) Reaction kinetics
b) Molecular weight
c) Temperature dependence
d) Nucleophile strength

Answer 1

The reaction mechanism, SN1 or SN2, depends on reaction kinetics, molecular weight, temperature dependence, and nucleophile strength.

Step-by-step explanation:

The reaction mechanism, whether it proceeds through an SN1 or SN2 mechanism, is determined by several factors:

1. Reaction kinetics: SN1 reactions are first-order reactions where the rate is only dependent on the concentration of the substrate. SN2 reactions, on the other hand, are second-order reactions where the rate is dependent on both the concentration of the substrate and the nucleophile.
2. Molecular weight: SN1 reactions tend to favor substrates with a higher molecular weight, while SN2 reactions favor substrates with a lower molecular weight.
3. Temperature dependence: SN1 reactions are usually favored at higher temperatures, while SN2 reactions are favored at lower temperatures.
4. Nucleophile strength: SN2 reactions prefer strong nucleophiles, while SN1 reactions can tolerate both weak and strong nucleophiles.

By considering these factors, you can determine whether a reaction will proceed through an SN1 or SN2 mechanism.