Final answer:
When 450 grams of ice melts, it gains 150 kJ of heat. This is calculated using the heat of fusion formula for water, which is 334 J/g, and multiplying by the mass of the ice. Therefore, the correct answer is D) 150 kJ.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of ice melting is a phase change, specifically the transition from solid to liquid, which requires energy in the form of heat transfer. The heat required to melt ice is known as the latent heat of fusion.
For water, this is approximately 334 joules per gram (or 334 kJ/kg). To calculate the heat gained when 450 grams of ice melts, you would use the formula:
Heat (Q) = mass (m) × latent heat of fusion (Lf)
Q = 450 g × 334 J/g = 150,300 J
Convert joules to kilojoules by dividing by 1,000: 150,300 J / 1,000 = 150.3 kJ
So, 450 grams of ice when melted will gain 150 kJ of heat, therefore the correct answer is D) 150 kJ.