Final answer:
The nervous system provides immediate regulation through electrical and chemical signaling, and the endocrine system enables medium-term regulation via hormones. The respiratory system participates in immediate to short-term regulation, and the circulatory system plays a role in immediate response regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The different systems in the human body are controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems, which respond to changes in the environment on different time scales. The nervous system provides immediate regulation due to its rapid communication mechanism via electrical and chemical signals, which is crucial for functions such as the fight-or-flight response.
The endocrine system, while generally slower due to the use of the circulatory system for hormonal distribution, supports medium-term regulation of the body's internal environment through homeostasis and controlling reproduction. The respiratory system, through the action of autonomic nervous system, helps maintain an immediate to short-term control over the body's pH balance and oxygen levels, while the circulatory system delivers immediate regulation by adjusting the blood flow to various parts of the body in response to activity or stress.