Question

Match the name of the bone disease to the correct description of its pathology.

a) Osteoporosis
b) Osteoarthritis
c) Rickets
d) Scoliosis

i. Weakening and thinning of bones
ii. Abnormal bone growth in children
iii. Degeneration of joint cartilage
iv. Sideways curvature of the spine

Answer 1

Bone diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rickets, scoliosis, and osteogenesis imperfecta each have distinct pathologies, from weakened bones due to imbalances in bone remodeling to bone deformities and sideways spinal curvature.

Step-by-step explanation:

Matching the name of the bone disease to the correct description of its pathology:

1. Osteoporosis: Weakening and thinning of bones (i).
2. Osteoarthritis: Degeneration of joint cartilage (iii).
3. Rickets: Abnormal bone growth in children (ii).
4. Scoliosis: Sideways curvature of the spine (iv).

Osteoporosis is an age-related disorder where bones lose mass and weaken, increasing the risk of fractures. This condition is due to an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation in bone remodeling. Unlike Paget's disease, which involves disorganized new bone formation to keep up with resorption, osteoporosis involves a decrease in overall bone density without elevated blood levels of alkaline phosphatase. Rickets, on the other hand, is typically caused by vitamin D deficiency leading to defective mineralization of bone during childhood. Finally, osteogenesis imperfecta, also known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones that break easily.