Final answer:
The removal of groundwater from beneath Mexico City has led to subsidence primarily due to compaction of sediments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The removal of groundwater from beneath Mexico City has led to subsidence primarily due to compaction of sediments.
When groundwater is pumped from wells, there is a localized drop in the water table known as a cone of depression. If a large number of wells have been pumping water for a long time, the regional water table can drop significantly. This drop in the water table can cause the sediments beneath Mexico City to compact, resulting in subsidence or the downward motion of the land surface.
Therefore, the correct answer is c) Compaction of Sediments.