Final answer:
Answers to the physics questions are that the work function concept is false under the classical wave model, the Pythagorean theorem's use to calculate the resultant vector is true, and wave-particle duality does not exist on the macroscopic scale. Solar sail propulsion by solar wind is true, and an external force is needed to move an object in space, which is also true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answers to the provided physics questions from a college-level textbook are:
- Work function or binding energy is false under the classical wave model because the concept is fundamentally tied to the quantum mechanical description of particles.
- The use of the Pythagorean theorem to calculate the length of the resultant vector when adding two vectors at right angles to each other is true.
- Wave-particle duality on the macroscopic scale is false; this phenomenon is primarily observed at the quantum level with elementary particles and not with larger, classical objects.
- Concerning a book balanced by a 1-kg weight on Earth and then on the Moon, the balance would still be level provided the balance scale is a mass balance, not a weight balance, since mass is consistent regardless of location, while weight varies with gravity. However, the statement as written does not mention this distinction, therefore it is misleading; as standard weight balance would not balance due to the difference in gravitational pull.
- For a solar sailcraft to be propelled by particles within the solar wind, this is true. Solar sails use radiation pressure exerted by sunlight and solar wind for propulsion.
- An external force is necessary to set a stationary object in motion in outer space (in the absence of gravitational and atmospheric friction), which is true according to Newton's first law of motion.
About the textbook, free access to materials in web view or PDF is indeed offered by platforms like OpenStax.org, and often for a low cost in print. However, for works by specific authors like Hassani, availability would need to be confirmed through relevant publishers or educational platforms.