Final answer:
This question pertains to Newton's Laws of Motion, focusing on force interactions, charge effects on force, mass relationship to acceleration, and conservation of momentum during collision.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is related to Newton's Laws of Motion, particularly the third law, which states that whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body exerts an equal and opposite force on the first body. Regarding the statements given:
- (a) Doubling the charge of one particle and keeping the other unchanged would indeed double the electrostatic force between them, provided that other factors remain the same, due to Coulomb's Law.
- (b) If the charge of one particle is doubled and that of the other is halved, Coulomb's Law implies that the force would become F again because the product of the charges remains the same.
- (c) No inference about the relative masses of the objects can be made based on the forces alone without additional information about acceleration. Mass and force are related, but force alone does not determine mass.
- (d) If two objects are pushed with equal force and one moves faster, it suggests that the mass of the first object is less than that of the second, according to Newton's second law of motion.
- (e) True or False - The ground exerts an equal and opposite force to the force a person exerts on it while walking. This is true based on Newton's third law of motion; however, walking is possible not because the net force is nonzero on the person, but because the forces act on different systems.
For point forces in equilibrium, they must have equal magnitudes and opposite directions to balance each other out. Finally, in a collision between two objects without external forces, momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy may not be if the collision is not elastic.