Final answer:
Lichens and earthworms are examples of flora and fauna that contribute to macroscopic biological weathering, promoting the breakdown of rock into soil and establishing ecosystems.
Step-by-step explanation:
Examples of flora and fauna that contribute to macroscopic biological weathering include lichens and earthworms. Lichens are able to establish themselves on bare rock and begin the process of breaking down the rock, creating new soil, which facilitates the growth of other species. Earthworms contribute to this process by aerating the soil, promoting the development of a more structured soil profile, and enhancing the decay of organic matter. These actions enable more intricate ecosystems to develop and contribute to further biological weathering. Additionally, the production of waste products by plant and animal life, as well as the activity of soil microorganisms, contributes to the breakdown of rock and the formation of soil. Ferns also contribute as they are involved in rock weathering, while simultaneously preventing soil erosion.