Final answer:
The statement is true because a balance scale measures mass, which remains constant regardless of location, whether on Earth or the moon. The scale balances as it compares the inertial mass, not weight, which is affected by gravity.
Step-by-step explanation:
True or False: A book placed on a balance scale is balanced by a standard 1-kg iron weight placed on the opposite side of the balance. If these objects are taken to the moon and a similar exercise is performed, the balance is still level because gravity is uniform on the moon's surface as it is on Earth's surface.
The statement is True. A balance scale measures mass, which is invariant between the Earth and the moon. Since the mass of the book and the 1-kg iron weight does not change, the balance would still be level on the moon. This is due to the fact that a balance scale compares the inertial mass of the two objects, which is the same no matter where they are in the universe. It's important to note that weight and mass are different; weight is a force that depends on the local gravitational field strength, which is indeed different between the Earth and the moon. However, the balance scale doesn't measure the weight force; it measures mass.