Final answer:
The option in question is a call option, which entitles the holder to purchase an asset at a predefined price if the market price rises above that level.
Step-by-step explanation:
The option described in the question is known as a call option. A call option gives the holder of the option the right, but not the obligation, to purchase an asset at a specified strike price within a defined period of time. In this case, if the market price of the metal rises above the option's strike price,
Ben, the holder of the option, can exercise the option and buy the metal at the lower strike price, and potentially sell it at the higher market price, thereby profiting from the difference.
A put option, on the other hand, gives the holder the right to sell an asset at a specified strike price, and would be beneficial if the asset's price were to fall below that strike price.
The terms long option and short option refer to the position of an options trader. A trader is 'long' if they have bought an option, which means they hold a call or a put option, and 'short' if they have sold an option.