Question

I. Write out a balanced reaction to show the formation of the ester that has the scent of pears, propyl ethanoate, from the corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol. 2. Write out a balanced reaction to show the hydrolysis of the ester that has the scent of strawberries (ethyl butanoate).

Answer 1

Propyl ethanoate is formed by the reaction of propanol with ethanoic acid, while ethyl butanoate undergoes hydrolysis to produce butanoic acid and ethanol. The balanced equations show the reactants and products with stoichiometric coefficients indicating the ratio in which they react or are produced.

Step-by-step explanation:

To answer your questions regarding ester formation and hydrolysis:

Formation of Propyl Ethanoate

When propanol (C3H7OH) reacts with ethanoic acid (CH3COOH), the ester propyl ethanoate (C3H7COOCH2CH3) is formed along with water (H2O). This is an esterification reaction. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:

C3H7OH + CH3COOH → C3H7COOCH2CH3 + H2O

Hydrolysis of Ethyl Butanoate

The hydrolysis of ethyl butanoate (C4H9COOC2H5), which has the scent of strawberries, can occur in acidic or basic conditions. In acid hydrolysis, the reaction involves water and an acid to produce butanoic acid (C4H8O2) and ethanol (C2H5OH). In basic hydrolysis, also known as saponification, the reaction involves hydroxide ions to produce the butanoate ion and ethanol. The balanced chemical equation for acid hydrolysis is:

C4H9COOC2H5 + H2O → C4H8O2 + C2H5OH