Final answer:
The term 'the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries' refers to a government, which holds the power to enforce laws within a country. The government's role and its relationship with the individual and community interests are central themes in understanding political science and governance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term "the supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries" refers to a government. A government, as one of the four elements of a state, has the ultimate power to enforce laws and carry out political functions within its territorial confines. This concept is essential to the understanding of political power and governance within a country. In the context of international relations, the unpredictability rises from the state level, due to the anarchic nature of the international system. When considering the good of the community versus individual desires or civil liberties, these issues are generally defined or influenced by governmental policies and actions, reflecting the relationship between government and society.