Final answer:
A surplus of crops can lead to a more complex society by supporting larger populations and specialized roles.
Step-by-step explanation:
A surplus of crops can lead to a more complex society by supporting larger populations and specialized roles. With a surplus of food, populations can grow, leading to the development of larger cities. This surplus also allowed individuals to focus on specific tasks, such as farming, writing, or performing religious rituals, leading to the emergence of specialized roles. For example, in ancient societies, a weaver might obtain wool from a shepherd and exchange the resultant cloth for other goods or services such as medicine from a physician or religious services from a priest. This interdependency and the formation of social classes and specialized roles are directly tied to the agricultural surplus.