Final answer:
The Classical-Marxian growth model with a conventional real wage, which focuses on income distribution, aligns with the Marxist theory as it emphasizes internal investment, development of industries, and the success of individual workers to benefit society.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to the Classical-Marxian growth model with a conventional real wage. In this context, the focus of this model is on income distribution, which is inherently linked to the Marxist theory. According to Marxism, countries that follow this model invest internally, aiming to develop their own industries and power.
This process supports the success of individual workers to benefit the citizenry as a whole. Hence, option (a) "Focuses on income distribution" is the most aligned with the Marxist perspective.
Contrarily, the Neoclassical model focuses on economic factors such as aggregate supply and the determinants of output and employment.
The emphasis here is on economic growth, labor markets, and long-term productivity increases, mainly through investments in human capital, physical capital, and technology. The neoclassical approach supports a market-oriented environment which rewards innovation and advocates for minimal government intervention.
In summary, the Classical-Marxian growth model aligns with option (b) 'Marxist', as it places a heavy emphasis on internal development, income distribution, and the overall benefit to society's workers, in contrast to the neoclassical model which prioritizes economic growth and efficiency in markets.