Final answer:
The theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) can be calculated using the stoichiometry of the reaction and the mass of salicylic acid reacted. The balanced chemical equation is C7H6O3 + C4H6O3 → C9H8O4 + HC2H302. Using the given mass of 2.00 g of salicylic acid, the theoretical yield is calculated to be 2.60 g.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid can be calculated using the stoichiometry of the reaction and the mass of salicylic acid reacted. The balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride is:
C7H6O3 + C4H6O3 → C9H8O4 + HC2H302
According to the equation, 1 mole of salicylic acid reacts with 1 mole of acetic anhydride to produce 1 mole of acetylsalicylic acid. The molar mass of salicylic acid is 138.12 g/mol and the molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid is 180.16 g/mol.
Using the given mass of 2.00 g of salicylic acid, we can calculate the moles of salicylic acid reacted:
Number of moles of salicylic acid = (mass of salicylic acid / molar mass of salicylic acid) = (2.00 g / 138.12 g/mol) = 0.01446 mol
Since the reaction is in a 1:1 ratio, the moles of acetylsalicylic acid produced will also be 0.01446 mol. To calculate the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid in grams, we can multiply the moles by the molar mass:
Theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid = (number of moles of acetylsalicylic acid) * (molar mass of acetylsalicylic acid) = (0.01446 mol) * (180.16 g/mol) = 2.60 g.
Therefore, the theoretical yield of acetylsalicylic acid for this synthesis is 2.60 g.