Final answer:
The question involves identifying the center of gravity and base of support in various figures, which is relevant to understanding stability in Physics. The base of support is the area under an object that provides stability, and the center of gravity's height is the vertical distance from the base to the point where gravity acts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question is related to the center of gravity and base of support in different objects and scenarios. The base of support (T) refers to the area beneath an object or person that includes all the points of contact with the supporting surface.
For instance, in the example of the adult standing upright, the base of support would be the area enclosed by their feet. The height of an object's center of gravity can be considered as the distance from the ground to the point where the gravitational force can be considered to act.
In the examples given:
- Figure 9.18(a) illustrates an adult with a center of gravity above the hip joints, and the base of support is between the narrowly-separated feet. The height of the center of gravity would be measured from the ground to the point above the hips.
- While Figure 9.18(b) explains that by bending and placing the feet farther apart, the adult lowers their center of gravity and increases the base of support, enhancing stability.
- Figure 12.3 displays a truck that, if the center of gravity is within the base of support, it will return to stability after tipping, but if it lies outside, the truck will turn over.
- Figure 9.27 provides examples of people adjusting their stances to maintain a center of gravity above their base of support, which can vary depending on the load they're carrying and their posture.
Understanding the concept of the center of gravity and its relationship to the base of support is important for predicting the stability of an object, as well as preventing falls or overturning in real-life situations.