Final answer:
The true statement about Sperling's experiments is that they studied iconic memory. Partial report demonstrated higher accuracy than full report, indicating a greater capacity of sensory memory than what can be reported before it fades.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that is true about Sperling's full and partial report experiments is c) Iconic memory was studied. Sperling's experiments were designed to measure the capacity and duration of sensory memory. In the full report condition, participants were asked to recall as many letters as possible from a briefly displayed matrix. However, they could typically only recall four to five items. In contrast, partial report required participants to recall specific rows of the matrix after being cued with an auditory tone. The accuracy rate for partial report was significantly higher, indicating that more information is available in sensory memory than can be reported before it fades. The experiments by Sperling provided insights into the characteristics of iconic memory, which is a type of sensory memory for visual information.