Final answer:
Mushrooms are the only option listed that does not rely on sunlight for energy, as they are heterotrophs, unlike plants, algae, and phytoplankton which are photoautotrophs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The organisms that rely directly or indirectly on sunlight for energy include all the following except mushrooms. The options given are: a. Plants, b. Algae, c. Mushrooms, and d. Phytoplankton. Plants, algae, and phytoplankton are all photoautotrophs which means they use energy from sunlight to make food by photosynthesis. However, mushrooms are fungi, and unlike photoautotrophs, they are heterotrophs that rely on the sugars produced by photosynthetic organisms for their energy needs, and they do not use sunlight directly.