Final answer:
The manufacturer of flashlights can use different research methods such as questionnaires, surveys, interviews, and observation to collect sales data. A questionnaire is often part of a survey, which can reveal patterns and trends. Observations and detailed interviews, like case studies, can provide deeper insights into behavior and preferences. The correct option is a.
Step-by-step explanation:
For the manufacturer of flashlights, understanding sales performance involves collecting data from consumers and stores. Options like questionnaire, survey, interview, and observation are potential methods for gathering this information.
Each method provides a different insight into consumer behavior and sales data, thus choosing the correct technique is essential for accurate results.
A questionnaire typically consists of a set of standardized questions designed to gather specific information and is often used in conjunction with surveys or as a part of them. A survey, a more comprehensive approach, seeks to uncover patterns or trends across a larger sample.
An interview is a more in-depth method by which detailed information can be gathered through direct interaction. Finally, observation is a method where behavior or outcomes are watched and recorded without interaction, often providing nuanced context to other data.
For instance, observing which flashlights are more frequently picked up or scrutinized by customers might give insights beyond sales figures alone.
Relating to the research techniques, a survey design, where interviews are conducted with employees from randomly selected departments, would be categorized as a cluster design.
Similarly, a case study method, such as the one Sigmund Freud used for developing theories, involves extensive examination of an individual or group over time, providing deep insights into complex issues. The correct option is a.