Final answer:
The study of people's behavior in workplace contexts is primarily explored within organizational psychology. It involves looking at employee relationships, organizational culture, and how different managerial assumptions can create distinctive work environments. Option A is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of people's behavior is closely associated with the field of psychology, specifically organizational psychology.
Organizational Psychology
Organizational psychology is concerned with understanding how individuals' behaviors, attitudes, and emotions affect and are affected by the organizational contexts in which they work. It encompasses a range of topics, including management styles, job satisfaction, organizational culture, and the interaction between employees and their work environment.
Looking at management theories, such as McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, it's apparent how different assumptions about human behavior can lead to varied management practices and workplace cultures.
Theory X assumes that individuals inherently dislike work and need to be closely supervised, while Theory Y believes that employees are self-motivated and thrive on responsibility. Another relevant field is industrial psychology, which focuses on hiring practices, employee training, and performance appraisals, aligning individual capabilities with job requirements.
Additionally, human factors psychology plays a crucial role by studying how individuals interact with their tools and workspaces, aiming to optimize productivity, safety, and health. This includes considerations of ergonomics in different workplace setups, whether it's a traditional desk, a standing desk, or even an innovative cycle desk.