Final answer:
Enzymes and antibodies are examples of proteins that serve as catalysts and defensive agents in living organisms. Enzymes speed up biochemical reactions, while antibodies identify and neutralize pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
Enzymes and antibodies are examples of proteins. Enzymes act as biological catalysts to accelerate biochemical reactions without being consumed in the process. For instance, salivary amylase hydrolyzes the starch component amylose. They play a critical role in processes such as digestion and metabolism. Antibodies, on the other hand, are essential components of the immune system. They are Y-shaped proteins that identify and neutralize foreign bodies like bacteria and viruses by binding specifically to antigens. Proteins like fibrinogen also contribute to protection by coagulating blood to prevent excessive bleeding.
Both enzymes and antibodies are vital for maintaining homeostasis within the body. Enzymes enable organisms to carry out necessary chemical reactions efficiently, while antibodies defend the body against infections, ensuring the survival of the organism. Furthermore, most enzymes and antibodies are examples of globular proteins, which are water soluble and facilitate their mobility and function within cells.