Final answer:
The volume-temperature relationship described by the student's question pertains to Charles's Law, which states that the volume of gas is directly proportional to its temperature in Kelvins when pressure is constant.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question, "What is the volume-temperature relationship of oxygen gas at a temperature of 40 at 2.3 liters?" is exploring a concept in gas laws, specifically looking for the name of the law that describes the relationship between gas volume and temperature when pressure is held constant.
The correct answer is b) Charles's Law, which states that the volume of a given amount of gas is directly proportional to its temperature on the kelvin scale when the pressure is held constant. To apply Charles's Law, it is important to express temperature in Kelvins, and this law is used to predict how the volume of gas will change as its temperature changes while the pressure stays the same.
Since the other options, such as Boyle's Law, Avogadro's Law, and Gay-Lussac's Law, describe different gas relationships, they do not apply to this scenario. By understanding Charles's Law, students can predict and understand the behavior of gases under various conditions, which is crucial in fields such as chemistry and physics.