Final answer:
Percent recovery and percent ionization are distinct concepts. Percent ionization is calculated as the ratio of the ionized acid concentration to the initial acid concentration times 100. If pH is given, it can be used to find hydrogen ion concentration and then calculate percent ionization.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the percent recovery in acid-base extraction, you need to compare the amount of substance you have recovered with the initial amount you began with. However, the question seems to be asking about the percent ionization of an acid in an aqueous solution, which is a different concept. The percent ionization is the ratio of the concentration of the ionized acid to the initial acid concentration, multiplied by 100. For example, to calculate the percent ionization of acetic acid in a solution with a given pH:
Determine the dissociation of acetic acid at equilibrium to find its ionized concentrationUse the percent ionization formula: (ionized concentration / initial concentration) × 100If given the pH, use the pH to find the concentration of hydrogen ions, and subsequently, the ionized concentration of the acidInput these values into the formula to calculate the percent ionizationTo calculate percent recovery in acid-base extraction, you need to know the initial amount of the compound you are extracting and the amount of the compound you are able to recover. The formula for percent recovery is: (recovered amount / initial amount) x 100. For example, if you started with 10 grams of compound and were able to recover 8 grams, the percent recovery would be (8 / 10) x 100 = 80%.