Final answer:
Job order production is also known as batch production. It allows for the creation of bespoke items in contrast to continuous or mass production methods, and focuses on efficiency and specialization of labor. In a production process like pizza making, key factors include labor, capital, and raw materials.
Step-by-step explanation:
Job order production is also known as batch production. This type of production is characterized by the manufacturing of one or a small number of products made to customer specifications.
It contrasts with continuous production or mass production, where large quantities of identical products are made, usually on an assembly line. Batch production is common in industries where unique, customized items are produced.
Looking at historical changes in production, as people moved to cities and took up factory jobs, production techniques evolved with a focus on efficiency and speed. Workers operated in assembly lines, specializing in a limited number of tasks, which increased the volume and pace at which goods were manufactured.
When examining the inputs in a production process such as making a pizza, the factors of production include labor (e.g., the pizzaiolo), capital (e.g., the oven), and raw materials (e.g., flour, water, yeast, tomatoes, spices).