Question

Match the following eukaryotic organelles with their function. Frame MCQs.

a) Mitochondria
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Endoplasmic reticulum
d) Lysosomes

Answer 1

Mitochondria generate energy (ATP), Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins and lipids, Endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes proteins and lipids, Lysosomes digest macromolecules and destroy pathogens.

Step-by-step explanation:

Eukaryotic Organelles and Their Functions

1. Mitochondria: Mitochondria are known as the "power plants" of the cell because they are responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration.
2. Golgi apparatus: The Golgi apparatus plays a role in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell.
3. Endoplasmic reticulum: The endoplasmic reticulum consists of rough and smooth regions. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is involved in protein synthesis, where ribosomes on its surface synthesize and modify proteins. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) synthesizes lipids, detoxifies drugs, and stores calcium ions.
4. Lysosomes: Lysosomes contain enzymes that digest macromolecules, recycle worn-out organelles, and destroy intracellular pathogens.