Final answer:
Atom A, being easier to polarize, would experience a greater attraction to a charged rod due to its charges being more readily shifted, resulting in a stronger interaction with the electrostatic field of the rod.
Step-by-step explanation:
If Atom A is easier to polarize than Atom B, Atom A would experience a greater attraction to a charged rod a distance away. This is because the ease of polarization means that Atom A can have its charges shifted more readily, with the negative charge drawn nearer to the rod and the positive charge repelled.
Because electrostatic force diminishes with distance, Atom A's induced negative charge will be closer to the charged rod, and thus, experience a stronger attractive force compared to Atom B whose charge distribution is less disturbed by the external field. This principle applies whether the charged rod is positive or negative, as the polarization effect involves the movement of electronic clouds within the neutral atom or molecule in response to the external electrical field.