Final answer:
Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase, lactose is hydrolyzed by lactase, and the products of these reactions are called monosaccharides. These enzymes are critical for digesting disaccharides like sucrose and lactose during the process of digestion in the small intestine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Sucrose is hydrolyzed by sucrase, lactose is hydrolyzed by lactase, and the general name for the products of these hydrolysis reactions is monosaccharides. Both sucrose and lactose are types of disaccharides, which are carbohydrates composed of two monosaccharides linked together. Once hydrolyzed, they are broken down into their monosaccharide components. Sucrose hydrolyzes into glucose and fructose, while lactose hydrolyzes into glucose and galactose.
Many people experience lactose intolerance, which is the inability to produce sufficient amounts of the enzyme lactase, leading to difficulty digesting lactose. Hydrolysis is an essential process during digestion, as it allows these sugars to be absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestine after they are broken down into the simpler absorbable forms.